{"id":1008,"date":"2022-07-02T13:02:56","date_gmt":"2022-07-02T11:02:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.npkrka.hr\/?page_id=1008"},"modified":"2022-07-26T13:07:07","modified_gmt":"2022-07-26T11:07:07","slug":"kljucica","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/npkrka.hr\/en_us\/kulturna-bastina\/srednjovjekovne-utvrde\/kljucica\/","title":{"rendered":"Klju\u010dica"},"content":{"rendered":"

Klju\u010dica, the largest and most beautiful medieval fortress in the Krka River basin, and today the best preserved, was erected on an uneven, steep cliff on the bank of the \u010cikola River. <\/strong><\/p>\n

The medieval fortress called Klju\u010dica or Klju\u010d is located on the right bank of the canyon of the \u010cikola River, a kilometre from its influx into the Krka River. It belonged to the system of fortifications that were built by the Croatian noble Nelipi\u0107 family in the period when they ruled over the area of the Miljevci region. Klju\u010dica was mentioned directly for the first time in 1333, when the Venetian authorities demanded that Izan (Ivan) Nelipi\u0107 of Klju\u010d (comiti Ysano de Clavi) compensate the \u0160ibenik district for the damage caused by his looting attacks, and that he release the captured citizens from \u0160ibenik. After Ivan\u2019s death, Klju\u010dica for some time remained the seat of his son, Konstantin, who was mentioned in 1337 as the prince of Klju\u010d (Constantino comiti Cluci). In the first half of the 14th century, the forces from \u0160ibenik succeeded in breeching the ramparts and setting fire to the fortress. Although it was badly damaged, it was not destroyed. After lengthy battles, negotiations began in 1343 between the opposed sides. A peace treaty from 1345 required the Nelipi\u0107 family to demolish the new tower at Klju\u010dica, causing Konstantin to move his seat from Klju\u010dica to Ne\u010dven for reasons of security. He left Klju\u010dica to his Nelipi\u0107 relatives from Cetina prior to 1408. At that point, the Croatian-Hungarian King Sigismund, for the sake of reconciliation with the Nelipi\u0107 family, and \u201cin the name of a new donation\u201c, granted Prince Ivani\u0161 Nelipi\u0107 the town of Klju\u010d in the Promina dictrict (in districtu Oprominie). The importance of Klju\u010dica can be seen in a document from 1450, where it was noted that Venice was prepared to pay 500 ducats, even up to 1000 ducats for its demolition, or to give the ban 200 ducats if the fortress was handed over to the citizens of \u0160ibenik.<\/p>\n

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At the beginning of the 16th century, the \u0160ibenik and Drni\u0161 areas were more and more frequently exposed to attacks by the Ottomans, who thoroughly robbed and looted them. The local inhabitants fled to the fortified cities or to the islands of \u0160ibenik. Around 1522, the Turks occupied almost all the entire hinterland of \u0160ibenik, including Klju\u010dica among other places, which remained in their possession up to the Candian War in 1648. Although the fortress, along with some of the other lost territory, was returned to them in negotiations, the Turks abandoned it. It lost its strategic importance, while because of its inaccessible location it remained almost entirely preserved.<\/p>\n

Klju\u010dica has a rectangular shape. It consists of the fortification and an enclosed suburbium. Within the ramparts are preserved the walls of a multi-story palace, a single story building of unknown purpose, and auxiliary buildings leaning against the northern and northeastern walls. The wall of the suburbium was for the most part preserved, together with the courtyard gates below the western tower, and the remains of fortified gates in the southwestern corner of the courtyard.<\/p>\n

Archaeological excavations were undertaken in the southeastern and northern parts of the fortress. Various finds came to light in the investigations: local pottery and fine majolica (13th \u2013 15th cent.), fragments of Gothic architectural elements, fragments of glass, stone projectile balls, and metal objects, predominated by forged iron nails of various dimensions. At the same time as the archaeological excavations, preservations activities were carried out on the architectural remains.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Klju\u010dica, the largest and most beautiful medieval fortress in the Krka River basin, and today the best preserved, was erected on an uneven, steep cliff on the bank of the \u010cikola River.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2189,"parent":182,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1008","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/npkrka.hr\/en_us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1008","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/npkrka.hr\/en_us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/npkrka.hr\/en_us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/npkrka.hr\/en_us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/npkrka.hr\/en_us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1008"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/npkrka.hr\/en_us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1008\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/npkrka.hr\/en_us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/182"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/npkrka.hr\/en_us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2189"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/npkrka.hr\/en_us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1008"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}